北美铁路近几年来在能源紧张、经济萧条的形势下,各铁路公司在一些机车大量储备情况下,仍逐年添置了一批耗油少、有防滑系统、功率较大(3300～4000马力)的新型内燃机车。另外在铁路运输指挥上采用电子计算机技术,这两种因素的出现,促使运输组织工作发生了一些新的变化,主要表现在: North American Railway In recent years, under the condition of energy shortage and economic depression, railways have still acquired a number of vehicles that consume less fuel, have anti-skid systems and have more power (3,300 to 4,000 hp) each year despite the large reserves of some locomotives New diesel locomotive. In addition, the use of computer technology in the command of railway transport, the emergence of these two factors, prompted some new changes in the work of transport organizations, mainly reflected in: