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语际比较是研究与分析不同语言之间结构的异同.从而揭示出所比较的语言结构的共性与特性的有效方法.它有助亍语言学习和避免由于源语,即本族语的干扰而产生结构上的错误.本文从结构上分析了英俄两种语言的共同的和独具的特性,包括词序与格的关系.虚词的作用和词形变化,并列与主从复合句结构等.通过各种不同的例句对比了两种语言结构上的对应关系以及明显的差异.最后通过对列夫·托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》中的一个段落的俄文原文与英文译文的对比,例示了句法结构比较的实用价值。
Interlingual comparison is to study and analyze the similarities and differences between the different languages, so as to reveal the common ways and characteristics of the comparative language structure.It can help language learning and avoid the interference caused by the source language, that is, the native language Structural errors.This paper analyzes the common and unique features of both English and Russian languages, including the relationship between word order and lattice, the function of virtual words and the inflection of conjunctions, Different examples compare the structural correspondences between the two languages and the obvious differences.Finally, we analyze the Russian original and the English translation of a passage in Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina The comparison shows the practical value of syntactic structure comparison.