企业的战略必须根据企业的经营环境和自身的具体情况而制订。企业的经营环境包括国民经济发展的宏观大局,国家的经济政策和经济法规,税率、资金利息率,人民的收入水平和消费结构,自然资源状况,国际市场和对外贸易,等等。企业自身能力和条件包括地理条件与交通条件,技术水平和技术发展的趋势,经营管理水平和竞争能力,以及在国民经济结构及区域经济中的地位,等等。也就是说,是主、客观方面的众多因素影响和决定了企业的战略与规划。而这些因素对企业战略与规划的影响程度是不同的,它们对企业战略与规划提出的要求往往是不相一致的,常常“顾此”即可能“失彼”。因此,绝对一致的战略与规划常常是很难确立的,甚至是根本不存在的。明智的企业领导者所寻找的正确的战略和可行的规划,必须兼顾长远利益和眼前利益,自身能力与企业目标,期望效益与风险,要在多种互相冲突的因素中寻找最适合自己立足的平衡点。尤其要估计到,竞争者将采取何种战略以及因此而对自己的影响。这些主、客观方面的众多因素在不断变化,但是理论分析和实践经验都说明,这种变化有一定规律,在一定程度上是可以预测的。同时,企业的战略和规划必须保持某种稳定性,既不能盲目死板固执不变,也不能见风就变,朝令夕改。因此,正确的企业战略与规 The company’s strategy must be based on the company’s business environment and its own specific circumstances. The business environment of an enterprise includes the overall macroeconomic development, national economic policies and economic laws and regulations, tax rates, fund interest rates, people’s income level and consumption structure, natural resource conditions, international markets and foreign trade, and so on. The company’s own capabilities and conditions include geographical conditions and traffic conditions, technological levels and technological development trends, business management level and competitiveness, as well as its position in the national economic structure and regional economy, and so on. In other words, many factors, both subjective and objective, influence and determine the company’s strategy and planning. The influence of these factors on the company’s strategy and planning is different. They often do not agree with the requirements of the company’s strategy and planning. Often, “considering this” may be “losing the other party.” Therefore, absolutely consistent strategies and plans are often difficult to establish or even do not exist at all. The correct strategies and feasible plans that sensible business leaders are looking for must take into account both long-term interests and immediate interests, their own capabilities and corporate goals, and expectations of benefits and risks. They must find the most suitable for their own position among a variety of conflicting factors. balance point. In particular, it is to be estimated what kind of strategy the competitors will adopt and therefore their own influence. Many factors in these subjective and objective aspects are constantly changing, but both theoretical analysis and practical experience show that this change has certain rules and can be predicted to some extent. At the same time, the company’s strategy and planning must maintain a certain degree of stability. It can neither be blind and inflexible, nor can it change the wind and change. Therefore, the correct corporate strategy and regulations