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某三球销式万向节三柱槽壳温反挤压成形后存在杯口端面不平齐的问题,通过对原工艺进行数值模拟分析,考虑其杯部非轴对称结构特点,重新设计了反挤压凸模,对凸模侧壁挤压工作带的高度与底面不同区域的锥角进行了差别设计:距离中心较近区域所对应的反挤压凸模设置较大的工作带和较小的锥角;距离中心较远的区域所对应的反挤压凸模设置较小的工作带和较大的锥角。有限元数值模拟结果表明,采用改进的凸模结构进行三柱槽壳反挤压成形,杯口端面平齐度得到了明显改善,其不平齐高度差值由原来的3.84 mm减少到2.17 mm。参照模拟结果进行生产试验,获得试样的杯口端面不平齐高度差值为2.32 mm,与模拟结果较接近,改进的反挤压凸模结构不仅减少了三柱槽壳挤压件的机加工余量,而且提高了材料利用率。
After the three-pin pin-type universal joint three-column tank temperature reverse extrusion forming, there is a problem that the end face of the cup mouth is not flush. Through the numerical simulation analysis of the original process, considering the non-axisymmetric structural characteristics of the cup part, Extruding the punch, the sidewall of the punch squeeze the difference between the height of the work zone and the taper angle of the bottom surface of the different regions: the distance from the center of the region corresponding to the anti-extrusion punch set a larger working zone and smaller Of the cone angle; away from the center of the region corresponding to the anti-extrusion punch set a smaller working band and a larger cone angle. Finite element simulation results show that the improved punch structure for three-column slotted shell extrusion, cup mouth face has been significantly improved flatness, the uneven height difference from the original 3.84 mm reduced to 2.17 mm. According to the simulation results, the difference between the height of the cup and the surface of the cup is 2.32 mm, which is close to the simulation result. The improved anti-extrusion punch structure not only reduces the machining of the three-column slot extrusion Margin, but also improve the material utilization.