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对某型装载机动臂横梁开裂原因进行了分析,并提出相应的改进措施。结果表明,裂纹为铸造热裂纹,横梁结构截面过渡变化较大,铸造过程中残余应力过大,铸造过程中铸件未使用工艺加强筋,是导致横梁开裂的主要原因。同时,材料成分设计不合理,铸造工艺性能不良,在铸造过程中容易产生热裂纹。开裂横梁铸造完成后未进行热处理强化,力学性能较低。对动臂横梁从材料、设计、制造工艺、铸造熔炼等方面进行了相应改进,使其服役时间超过3000 h,解决了横梁开裂问题。
The reason of cracking of the beam of a certain type of loader is analyzed, and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward. The results show that the crack is the hot crack in the casting, the cross section of the beam changes greatly during the transition, the residual stress in the casting process is too large, and the process stiffener is not used in the casting during the casting process, which is the main reason for cracking of the beam. At the same time, the material composition design is not reasonable, casting process performance is poor, easy to produce hot cracks in the casting process. Cracking beams after casting is not heat strengthened, low mechanical properties. The improvement of boom beam from material, design, manufacturing process, casting and smelting has made its service time more than 3000 h, which solved the problem of beam cracking.