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目的分析天津市北辰区2008-2016年风疹的流行病学特征,为制订防控风疹疫情的策略提供依据。方法通过对中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集风疹相关发病资料,用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果天津市北辰区2008-2016年共报告风疹病例1 021例,无死亡病例,年均发病率为17.05/10万,不同年份之间报告的发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=930.321,P<0.05),各街道均有病例报告,发病有明显的季节性,发病高峰在2~5月份;男女性别比为1.43:1,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=9.835,P>0.05);发病以青少年和成人为主,近几年的风疹发病情况与流动人口的聚集程度相关。结论北辰区风疹发病率整体呈现下降趋势,进一步加强监测并提高重点人群风疹疫苗的接种覆盖率,有助于为制订切实有效的防治策略提供依据。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella from 2008 to 2016 in Beichen District, Tianjin, and to provide basis for formulating the strategy of preventing and controlling rubella outbreak. Methods By collecting data on the incidence of rubella in China’s disease control and prevention information system, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 1 021 cases of rubella were reported in Beichen District of Tianjin from 2008 to 2016, with an average annual incidence rate of 17.05 / 100 000. There were significant differences in the reported incidence rates between different years (χ ~ 2 = 930.321 , P <0.05). There were case reports in all streets, and the incidence was obviously seasonal. The peak incidence peaked from February to May. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.43: 1, the difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 9.835, P> 0.05). The incidence was mainly in adolescents and adults. The incidence of rubella in recent years was related to the degree of aggregation of floating population. Conclusion The incidence of rubella in Beichen District shows a downward trend as a whole. It is of great help to monitor and improve the vaccination coverage of rubella vaccine in key populations, which is helpful to provide a basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control strategies.