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为了有效防治果树缺铁黄叶病,本研究对山东肥城市肥桃主栽区的25个桃园130棵桃树和泰安、德州、烟台3地区的18个苹果园263株苹果树进行了分析测定。结果表明,桃和苹果盛花期花全铁含量和变幅显著高于5-6月、7-8月、10月叶片。桃树花全铁含量与5月、10月桃树叶片全铁和叶绿素之间密切相关,但与7月叶片全铁和叶绿素之间相关性不高。同时,桃花活性铁与5月和10月桃叶片活性铁含量相关性较高,但与7月叶片相关性不高。苹果花全铁含量与5-6月、7-8月和10月叶片全铁和叶绿素之间均密切相关。初步表明用苹果和桃花全铁含量更容易区分正常果树和缺铁果树,能更好地预测果树生长早期铁营养状况和及早采取相应的防治措施,可以作为果树缺铁诊断指标。
In order to effectively prevent and control the iron-deficient yellow leaf disease of fruit trees, this study analyzed and measured 263 apple trees from 130 peach trees in 25 Taoyuan and 2 apple orchards in Tai’an, Dezhou and Yantai 3 areas of Feicheng City, Shandong Province . The results showed that the content of total iron and the amplitude of flowering flower in peach and apple were significantly higher than those in May-June, July-August and October. The content of total iron in peach tree flower was closely related to the total iron and chlorophyll content of peach leaf in May and October, but not to the correlation between total iron and chlorophyll in July leaf. At the same time, peach active iron had a high correlation with active iron content of peach leaf in May and October, but it was not correlated with leaf in July. The content of total iron in apple flower was closely related to the total iron content and chlorophyll content in May-June, July-August and October. The results showed that it is easier to distinguish the normal fruit tree and the iron-deficient fruit tree with the whole iron content of apple and peach, which could better predict the iron nutrition status of early fruit tree growth and take corresponding control measures as soon as possible, which could be used as a diagnostic indicator of iron deficiency in fruit trees.