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目的:调查了解参加四川汶川地震救援某部消防官兵和某部医护人员创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)远期患病情况。方法:采用PTSD筛查量表、艾森克个性问卷、防御方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表、认知评价问卷等对完成抗震救援任务1年后的某部消防官兵32例、某部医护人员38例进行PTSD远期患病情况调查。结果:消防官兵组PTSD阳性率为12.5%,医护人员为5.3%。消防官兵组投射、幻想、解除和消耗倾向因子分值显著高于医护人员组(P<0.05),而压抑因子分值显著低于医护人员组(P<0.05)。消防官兵组负性认知评价因子分值显著高于医护人员组(P<0.05),而正性认知评价因子分值显著低于医护人员组(P<0.05)。两组人格特征和社会支持度等因子分值差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:参加四川汶川地震救援消防官兵和医护人员1年后仍部分存在PTSD症状,应进行有针对性的心理干预。
Objective: To investigate the long-term prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in fire fighting officers and soldiers and some medical staff participating in the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan. Methods: PTSD screening scale, Eysenck personality questionnaire, defensive approach questionnaire, perceived social support scale, cognitive assessment questionnaire and other activities on the completion of the earthquake relief mission a fire officers and soldiers in 32 cases, a medical staff 38 cases of PTSD long-term prevalence survey. Results: The positive rate of PTSD in fire officers and soldiers was 12.5% and that of medical staff was 5.3%. The score of projection, fantasy, dismissal and consumption propensity of fire officers and soldiers group was significantly higher than that of health care workers (P <0.05), while the depressive factor score was significantly lower than that of health care workers (P <0.05). The scores of negative cognitive evaluation scores of fire officers and soldiers were significantly higher than those of health care workers (P <0.05), while the scores of positive cognitive evaluation factors were significantly lower than those of health care workers (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in scores of personality between two groups and social support (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The PTSD symptom still exists partly after the officers and soldiers and medical staff of rescue and fire fighting in Wenchuan Earthquake, Sichuan Province, for one year, should be targeted psychological intervention.