俄罗斯作为能源大国,在全球煤炭工业中起着举足轻重的作用。据英国石油公司(BP)的统计,俄罗斯煤炭储量、产量和出口量分别居世界第二、第六和第三位。当前,虽然从能源消费结构来看,俄罗斯是典型的清洁型能源结构,煤炭在俄罗斯工业和经济中所扮演的角色远不如石油和天然气。但随着资源的不断开采,俄罗斯油气的可采年限均已进入倒计时阶段,而煤炭却具有 As a big energy country, Russia plays an important role in the global coal industry. According to BP, Russia’s reserves of coal, output and exports rank second, sixth and third respectively in the world. At present, although Russia is a typical clean energy structure in terms of energy consumption structure, the role of coal in Russia’s industry and economy is far less than that of oil and natural gas. However, with the continuous exploitation of resources, Russia’s oil and gas recoverable years have entered the countdown stage, while coal has