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慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是以不完全可逆气流受限为特征的慢性支气管炎和(或)慢性阻塞性肺气肿,其气流受限呈进行性发展,气道炎性反应和气道重构是其主要病理特征。COPD患病率、发病率、致残率高,严重影响患者的生活质量与活动能力,目前居全球死亡原因的第4位。研究表明,吸烟是COPC发病的最危险的因素,然而仅10%～20%的长期吸烟者最终发展为症状性的COPD。目前,普遍认为COPD发病机制为炎性反应、氧化应激、蛋白酶—抗蛋白酶假说和细胞凋亡四大机制,其中蛋白酶—抗蛋白酶假说是中性粒细胞、肺泡巨噬细胞、呼吸道上皮
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic bronchitis and / or chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitation, with limited development of air flow and airway inflammation Sexual response and airway remodeling are the main pathological features. COPD prevalence, morbidity, high morbidity, seriously affecting the quality of life and mobility of patients, currently ranks No. 4 global cause of death. Studies have shown that smoking is the most dangerous factor in the onset of COPC, yet only 10% to 20% of long-term smokers eventually develop symptomatic COPD. At present, the pathogenesis of COPD is generally considered to be the four mechanisms of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, protease-antiproteinase hypothesis and apoptosis. The protease-antiprotease hypothesis is neutrophil, alveolar macrophage, respiratory epithelium