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为了提高汽车车轮轮辐外径面及外端面的加工精度、装夹效率、减轻劳动强度,适应汽车车轮的生产线向自动化、柔性化方向发展需要,优化设计了一种配合立式车床加工汽车车轮轮辐外径面及外端面的专用工装夹具。针对车轮轮辐外径面及外端面的制造工艺特点和优化设计目的,本次设计的优化之处主要有两点:一是工装夹具定位方面,该工装夹具利用轮辐中心孔面及平面定位,采用旋转拉杆夹紧的方式,避免了传统夹具基准不统一带来的轮辐外径跳动偏大且不稳定问题;二是机械结构方面,在车轮轮辐的每个散热孔附近区域加装一个浮动支撑油缸,以提高轮辐在加工过程中的刚度和强度,从而可以避免轮辐外径面失圆的问题。该专用工装夹具使用结果表明:结构和工艺优化设计合理,定位准确、可靠、装夹效率高,操作方便,装夹加工出来的轮辐外径面及外端面精度高,创造了良好的经济效益,并具有良好的通用性。
In order to improve the machining accuracy, clamping efficiency and labor intensity of the outer and the outer diameter surfaces of the vehicle wheel spokes, and to meet the needs of the automotive wheel production line to develop in the direction of automation and flexibility, a vertical lathe Outer diameter surface and the outer end of the special fixture. In view of the manufacturing process characteristics and the optimization design purpose of the outer diameter surface and the outer end surface of the wheel spoke, there are mainly two points of optimization in this design. First, in terms of the positioning of the fixture, the fixture utilizes the spoke center hole surface and the plane positioning, Rotary tie rod clamping way to avoid the traditional jig datum inconsistencies caused by spokes outside the large run-up and instability problems; the second is the mechanical structure, the wheel spoke in the vicinity of each cooling hole to install a floating support cylinder , In order to improve the stiffness and strength of the spokes during machining, so as to avoid the problem that the diameter of the spokes is out of round. The results of using the special fixture show that the structure and the process are optimized and designed rationally, the positioning is accurate and reliable, the clamping efficiency is high, the operation is convenient, the precision of the outer diameter and the outer diameter of the spoke is achieved by clamping, and the good economic benefits are achieved. And has good versatility.