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目的了解河南省开展预防艾滋病母婴传播阻断工作的效果,探讨母婴传播的影响因素。方法收集自2001年1月至2008年6月底通过HIV检测和HIV阳性育龄妇女随访工作中发现的HIV阳性产妇及其分娩婴儿的有关信息,比较产妇和婴儿的干预措施对预防艾滋病母婴传播效果的影响。结果352名HIV阳性产妇分娩的362名婴儿中,满18月龄HIV抗体检测有344名阴性,18名阳性,实施药物阻断组母婴传播率3.5%(12/339),未实施药物阻断组母婴传播率26.1%(6/23),组间有统计学意义(χ2=19.95,P<0.01);婴儿采取不同的喂养方式,HIV母婴传播率不同,组间有显著性差异(χ2=14.74,P<0.01);药物干预情况下,分娩方式不同母婴传播率组间无显著性差异。结论为感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)的产妇提供安全的住院分娩服务及合理规范的药物阻断,采取人工喂养,有效降低了母婴传播的危险,预防艾滋病母婴传播工作降低了艾滋病的二代传播率。
Objective To understand the effect of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS in Henan Province and to explore the influencing factors of mother-to-child transmission. Methods Collecting information on HIV-positive mothers and their babies born during follow-up of HIV testing and HIV-positive women of childbearing age from January 2001 to the end of June 2008, and comparing maternal and infant interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV Impact. Results Of the 362 infants who gave birth to 352 HIV-positive mothers, 344 were negative at 18 months of age and 18 were positive, and the rate of mother-to-child transmission was 3.5% (12/339) in the drug-blocking group. Drug resistance was not observed The mother-to-child transmission rate was 26.1% (6/23) in the severed group, with significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 19.95, P <0.01). Different feeding methods were adopted in infants with different mother-to-child transmission rates, with significant differences (χ2 = 14.74, P <0.01). In the case of drug intervention, there was no significant difference in the mode of delivery among different maternal-infant transmission rates. Conclusions Providing safe inpatient delivery service for HIV-infected mothers and rational drug blockade, adopting artificial feeding, effectively reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission, and preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV reduces the second-generation transmission of AIDS rate.