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目的观察阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠海马CA1区神经元以及突触的变化,评价姜黄素对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠认知功能的影响。方法将9月龄的APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠随机分为模型组,罗格列酮组(10 mg/kg),姜黄素大剂量(400 mg/kg)、中剂量(200 mg/kg)、小剂量(100 mg/kg)组,每组6只;并以同月龄遗传背景相同的C57/BL6J小鼠作为对照组。每天灌胃给药1次,连续灌胃6个月。应用透射电子显微镜进行超微结构检测。结果电镜检测,对照组海马神经元和神经毡内结构均基本正常。模型组小鼠海马CA1区神经元固缩、电子密度升高,胞浆内脂褐素、脂滴明显增多,海马CA1区神经元出现程度不等的退行性变;神经毡内可见髓鞘变性,突触数量减少、结构异常,突触小泡聚集增多。姜黄素治疗组与模型组相比,突触增加,并使上述变化有不同程度的改善。结论姜黄素能通过增加突触、改变APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠突触等超微结构的变化,有可能改善APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠的学习记忆能力。
Objective To observe the changes of neurons and synapses in CA1 hippocampus of APPswe / PS1dE9 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the cognitive function in APPswe / PS1dE9 double transgenic mice. Methods Nine-month old APPswe / PS1dE9 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group, rosiglitazone group (10 mg / kg), curcumin high dose (400 mg / kg) , Low dose (100 mg / kg) group with 6 mice in each group. C57 / BL6J mice with the same genetic background at the same age were used as the control group. Gavage administered 1 day, continuous gavage for 6 months. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect ultrastructure. Results Electron microscopy showed that the structure of hippocampal neurons and nerve felts in control group were basically normal. In the model group, the neurons in CA1 area of hippocampus were pyknotic, the electron density was increased, the lipofuscin and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm were increased obviously, and the neurons in hippocampal CA1 area were degenerated to varying degrees. The myelin degeneration , The number of synapses is reduced, the structure is abnormal, and synaptic vesicles gather more. Curcumin treatment group compared with the model group, increased synapses, and the above changes have different degrees of improvement. Conclusion Curcumin can alter the synaptic ultrastructure of APPswe / PS1dE9 double transgenic mice by increasing synapses, which may improve the learning and memory abilities of APPswe / PS1dE9 double transgenic mice.