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山楂种子外壳厚而坚硬,透水透气性差,按一般果树种子层积处理不能出苗。北方山楂产区的做法是延长层积时间,至第二年秋季或第三年春季播种,这样从采种到出苗就得三个年头,大大延长了育苗周期,影响了苗木供应。为了促进种子萌发,实现快速育苗,以满足生产发展的需要,1980—1983年我们在本县的金庄和马安等地采用干湿交替处理山楂种子,促进种子萌发,实现了当年播种,当年出苗,当年嫁接,次年出圃的快速育苗的要求。三年来共培育出山楂成品苗和半成品苗6,800余株。现将育苗方法介绍如下。
Hawthorn seed shell thick and hard, poor water permeability, according to the general fruit tree seed layering can not be sprouted. The practice of the northern hawthorn producing area is to extend the stratification time to sowing in the spring or autumn of the second year or the third year so that seedling emergence will have to be carried out for three years, greatly prolonging the seedling raising period and affecting the seedling supply. In order to promote seed germination and achieve rapid seedling development to meet the needs of production development, we used alternating wetting and drying of hawthorn seeds from 1980 to 1983 in Jinzhuang and Ma’an counties to promote seed germination, , Then grafting, nursery out of the following year the rapid breeding requirements. In the past three years, more than 6,800 finished hawthorn seedlings and semi-finished seedlings have been cultivated. Breeding methods now described below.