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黄曲霉毒素是由黄曲霉菌 (AspergillusflavusLink :Fr)产生的一种致癌毒素。由黄曲霉毒素造成的严重污染影响玉米籽粒的销售和运输。试验目的是 :( 1 )测定由理想的抗病玉米自交系导致F1 对黄曲霉菌和黄曲霉毒素积累的相对抗性 ,而不考虑杂种优势类型。 ( 2 )通过双列分析分析该自交系的遗传基础。 ( 3)找出哪个自交系在分子标记图谱和育种程序中是最理想的抗性资源。在所有组合中 ,将两个重要自交系和 6个暂定与降低穗腐病和抑制黄曲霉毒素产生有关的自交系进行杂交。对其F1 杂交种进行了为期两年的评价。中丝期 2 0～ 2 4d后 ,用针板法将黄曲霉菌分离菌的分生孢子混合物接种果穗。在接种区将各小区的果穗按可见穗腐病百分率进行分级。用间接竞争ELISA测定收获果穗的黄曲霉毒素B1 水平。测得抗病自交系×抗病自交系F1 对穗腐病和黄曲霉毒素积累的抗性水平最高 ,它们与许多自交系×已知抗性的自交系F1 没有显著差异。双列分析表明所有杂交种和自交系Tex6和Oh5 1 6的穗腐病黄曲霉毒素水平的一般配合力 (GCA)效应高度显著。结果表明在多种遗传背景下 ,Tex6和Oh5 1 6位分子标记图谱测定和抗性育种程序中是最理想的抗病资源。
Aflatoxins are a type of oncogenic toxin produced by Aspergillus flavus Link: Fr. The serious pollution caused by aflatoxin affects the sale and transportation of corn kernels. The objectives of the experiments were: (1) to determine the relative resistance of F1 to Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin accumulation caused by an ideal resistant maize inbred line, irrespective of the type of heterosis. (2) The genetic basis of inbred lines was analyzed by double-row analysis. (3) Find out which inbred line is the most ideal resistant resource in molecular marker mapping and breeding programs. In all combinations, two important inbred lines and six inbred lines tentatively linked to reducing ear rot and inhibiting aflatoxin production were crossed. Their F1 hybrids were evaluated for two years. In the mid-silk stage 20 ~ 24 days later, the needle-plate method was used to inoculate the spores of the conidia of Aspergillus flavus isolates. In the inoculation area, the ear of each plot was graded according to the percentage of visible ear rot. Aflatoxin B1 levels in ear harvested were determined by indirect competition ELISA. The results showed that the resistance level of F1 to resistant to ear rot and aflatoxin in resistant inbred line F1 was the highest, which was not significantly different from that of many inbred lines × known inbred lines F1. Double-row analysis showed that the general combining ability (GCA) effect of the panicle rot of all the hybrids and inbred lines Tex6 and Oh5 1 6 was highly significant. The results showed that Tex6 and Oh516 molecular markers and resistance breeding programs are the best disease-resistant resources in a variety of genetic backgrounds.