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目的:分析住院患者临床抗菌药物使用及其院内感染率。方法:抽取2013年1—12月和2014年1—12月间入院治疗的2 781例使用抗菌药物的住院患者作为研究对象,按照入院年份将其分为2013年(1 345例)组和2014年组(1 436例);两组患者均接受过抗菌药物的治疗;分析抗菌药物使用以及院内感染情况。结果:两年期间全院抗菌药物的使用率最高的三类抗菌药物分别为头孢孟多酯(81.16%)、左氧氟沙星(72.49%)和头孢西丁钠(71.02%);2014年组患者抗菌药物使用率为85.31%,院内感染率为1.25%优于2013年组为89.81%,院内感染率为2.38%(χ~2=12.891,4.985,P<0.05);合理使用率2013年组为46.32%低于2014年组为51.18%(χ~2=6.576,P<0.05)。结论:抗菌药物使用率与院内感染率之间具有显著的相关性,加强抗菌药物合理使用,有助于预防院内感染率的发生。
Objective: To analyze the clinical use of antibacterials and their nosocomial infection rates in hospitalized patients. Methods: A total of 2 781 inpatients using antimicrobial agents admitted to hospital from January to December 2013 and January to December 2014 were enrolled and divided into 2013 (1 345) and 2014 Year group (1 436 cases). Both groups were treated with antimicrobial agents. Antibiotics use and nosocomial infections were analyzed. Results: The three kinds of antibacterials with the highest usage rate of antibacterials in the whole hospital during the two years were cefetamet (81.16%), levofloxacin (72.49%) and cefoxitin sodium (71.2%) respectively. The rate of nosocomial infection was 1.25%, which was significantly higher than that of 2013 group (89.81%) and hospital infection rate was 2.38% (χ ~ 2 = 12.891, 4.985, P <0.05) Which was lower than that in 2014 by 51.18% (χ ~ 2 = 6.576, P <0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between the rate of antibiotic use and the rate of nosocomial infection. Enhancing the rational use of antibacterial drugs is helpful to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infection.