学科认知结构(或图式)要以事实、概念、原理、规则等为基本要素。其中概念是十分重要的基础环节。如果把知识结构比喻为一个生物体,那么构成这个生物体的基本单位就是基本概念。对基本概念的掌握和理解程度是掌握知识、培养能力和发展智力的前提条件。[美]J·S·布鲁纳也曾说“概念学习是人类学习的核心”。化学概念是化学学科中最基本、最基础的内容,是化学基础知识的概括反映。从化学概念与其它化学内容的关系来看,化学概念不仅是建立化学科学体系的基础,也是学生用来进行推理、判断、论证等思维活动的最基本工具。如何 Subject cognitive structure (or schema) to the facts, concepts, principles, rules, etc. as the basic elements. The concept is a very important basic part. If we compare the structure of knowledge to an organism, then the basic unit that constitutes the organism is the basic concept. The mastery and comprehension of basic concepts are the prerequisites for acquiring knowledge, developing competence and developing intelligence. [US] JS Bruner also said that “concept learning is the core of human learning.” The concept of chemistry is the most basic and fundamental element of chemistry and is a general reflection of the basics of chemistry. From the relationship between chemical concepts and other chemical contents, the concept of chemistry is not only the foundation for establishing a system of chemical science, but also the most basic tool for students to use their thinking activities such as reasoning, judgment and argumentation. how is it