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苏联解体后,俄罗斯联邦(俄罗斯)成为历史上俄罗斯国家的继承国。由于社会主义的政治经济体制转变为资本主义体制,旧有的思想体系也随之崩塌,民族主义、分离主义、极端主义等各种思潮兴起,民族问题日益凸显。在复杂的社会政治背景下,作为俄罗斯民族学领军人物的瓦.阿.季什科夫提出了公民民族及其认同观点,旨在保障各民族权益与地位的同时,在人们的思想中构建一个统一的俄罗斯民族(人民)认同观,形成全体俄罗斯人民共同的民族意识。20世纪90年代初他提出这一观点,经过近20年的发展逐渐成为俄罗斯政界、学界乃至社会民众普遍接受的新的民族观,为维护国家完整,改善民族关系起到了积极的作用。
After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation (Russia) became a successor country to the historical Russian state. Due to the transformation of the socialist political and economic system into a capitalist system, the old ideological system also collapsed. Various nationalistic trends such as nationalism, separatism and extremism sprang up, and ethnic issues became increasingly prominent. In the complex social and political context, Wa. Shitikov, the leader of Russian ethnology, put forward the concept of citizenship and its identity, aiming at safeguarding the rights and status of all ethnic groups and at the same time building a A unified national identity of the Russian people (people) forms the common national consciousness of all the Russian people. He proposed this view in the early 1990s, and after nearly 20 years of development, he gradually became a new concept of nationality generally accepted by Russian politicians, academics and even the general public, and played a positive role in safeguarding national integrity and improving ethnic relations.