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[目的]了解大学生心理情况的影响因素,提出缓解大学生紧张与焦虑的对策。[方法]采用职业紧张问卷(OSI)对南京4所高校794名在校大学生进行紧张反应、紧张应付策略调查,比较不同学校、性别、年级及月生活消费水平的大学生紧张反应、紧张应付策略得分。[结果]各高校大学生之间躯体抱怨、忍耐性、家庭与学习关系得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);男女大学生之间的每日紧张感、焦虑状态、忍耐性、竞争性、社会支持、时间管理、投入、非学习活动得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);不同年级大学生之间竞争性得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);月生活消费水平不同的大学生在自尊感、社会支持和投入的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]高校大学生的月生活消费水平、学校、性别及年级不同,对紧张反应和紧张应付策略有不同的影响。
[Objective] To understand the influencing factors of college students’ psychological condition and put forward the countermeasures to relieve the tension and anxiety of college students. [Methods] With the Occupational Stress Questionnaire (OSI), 794 undergraduates in four universities in Nanjing were investigated for their nervousness and stress coping strategies. The stress responses of college students under different school, gender, grade and monthly cost of living were compared. . [Results] There was a significant difference in somatic complaints, patience, family and learning relationship scores among college students (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The daily tension, anxiety, patience, Competitiveness, social support, time management, input, and non-learning activities had statistically significant differences (P <0.05 or P <0.01). There were significant differences in competitiveness scores among different grades of college students (P <0.05) The scores of self-esteem, social support and input of college students with different living standards were significantly different (P <0.05 or P <0.01). [Conclusion] The monthly consumption level, school, gender and grade of undergraduates in college are different from each other, which have different influences on the nervous response and the coping strategies.