根据压力分散型锚索的设计理念,研究外部荷载作用下锚索锚固段各单元体中的荷载分布特征与有效受压锚固长度,为压力分散型锚索的锚固支护提供设计依据。试验锚索全长为32 m,锚固段长为18 m,各单元体长度均为4.5 m,通过在锚索锚固段安装微型高灵敏度应变传感器的试验方法,得到锚索锚固段的荷载传递规律与分布特征。试验结果表明:依据现有锚索规程中对压力分散型锚索的张拉方法,锚索各单元体并未起到均匀分担外部荷载的作用。随着外部荷载的逐渐增大,位于锚固段中间部位的第2单元体与第3单元体的受荷值要明显高于两端第1单元体与第4单元体的受荷值。锚索锚固段也并不是完全处于轴向受压状态,且各单元体的有效受压锚固长度也并不相等,第1～4单元体有效受压锚固长度分别为1.5、2.9、2.8、4.5 m,有效受压锚固长度整体分布特征表现为第1单元体<第2单元体<第4单元体,而第2单元体与第3单元体的有效受压锚固长度相近。 According to the design concept of pressure-dispersive anchor cable, the load distribution characteristics and effective compression anchorage length of each unit of anchor cable anchorage section under external load are studied to provide the design basis for the anchorage support of pressure-dispersion anchor cable. The total length of the test cable is 32 m, the length of the anchorage section is 18 m, and the length of each unit is 4.5 m. The load transfer law of the anchorage section of the anchorage cable is obtained through the test method of installing a miniature high sensitivity strain sensor in the anchorage section of the anchorage cable And distribution characteristics. The test results show that: according to the existing method of tensioning the pressure-dispersion anchor cable in the existing anchor code, each unit body of the anchor cable does not function to evenly share the external load. With the gradual increase of external load, the load values ​​of the second unit and the third unit located in the middle part of the anchorage section are obviously higher than the load values ​​of the first unit and the fourth unit on both ends. Anchoring cable anchorage segment is not completely in the axial compression state, and the effective pressure of the unit body anchoring length is not equal, the first unit 1 ~ 4 effective compression anchor length were 1.5,2.9,2.8,4.5 m, the effective compression anchorage length of the overall distribution of the characteristics of the first unit