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具有表面活性的油田化学品被广泛应用于钻井、采油、压裂、油气集输、水处理及提高采收率等环节,其中钻井用化学品用量最大,约占总量的60%左右。主要介绍了具有广义表面活性剂结构和性能等特征的钻井液处理剂,在简述钻井液用表面活性剂的类型与应用特性基础上,以表面活性剂在钻井液中所起不同作用为主线,分别从起泡剂、消泡剂、乳化剂、润滑剂、环保抑制剂、其他处理剂等方面介绍了表面活性剂在钻井液中的研究与应用新进展,并对今后应开展的研究方向进行探讨,提出今后的研究工作方向主要是充分利用表面活性剂之间的协同效应,进一步提高表面活性剂的高温、高盐、高钙能力,开发环保型产品,特别是烷基糖苷类、双子表面活性剂以及含硅、氟等原子的新型表面活性剂,进一步加强其作用机理研究,以提高钻井液用表面活性剂的整体水平,进而促进钻井液技术进步。
Surface-active oilfield chemicals are widely used in drilling, oil production, fracturing, oil and gas gathering and transportation, water treatment and oil recovery and other links, of which the largest amount of drilling chemicals, accounting for about 60% of the total. This paper mainly introduces the drilling fluid treatment agent with the generalized surfactant structure and performance characteristics. Based on the brief description of the types and application characteristics of the surfactants used in the drilling fluid, the main functions of the surfactant in the drilling fluid , Introduced new research and application of surfactant in drilling fluid from foaming agent, antifoaming agent, emulsifier, lubricant, environmental protection inhibitor and other treatment agents, etc., and further research directions should be carried out It is proposed that the future research work should mainly make full use of the synergistic effect between surfactants and further improve the high temperature, high salt and high calcium capacity of surfactants, and develop environmentally friendly products, especially alkyl glycosides, Surfactants and silicon, fluorine and other atoms of the new surfactant to further enhance its mechanism of action to improve the overall level of drilling fluid surfactants, and thus promote the progress of drilling fluid technology.