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目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(H pylori)感染的胃黏膜上皮细胞碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子受体-2 (FGFR-2)的表达及其在胃黏膜癌变过程中的意义.方法:选择慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)30例、胃黏膜肠上皮化生(IM)29例、不典型增生(Dys) 31例及胃癌(GC)55例.采用免疫组化SP法检测胃黏膜上皮细胞bFGF,FGFR-2表达状况,用快速尿素酶试验和组织学Warthin-Starry嗜银染色法联合检测胃黏膜H pylori感染情况.结果:CSG组bFGF,FGFR-2的表达显著低于其余三组(IM组:χ~2=4.002,P<0.05;χ~2= 4.163,P<0.05;Dys组:χ~2=15.779,P=0.000;χ~2=15.949,P=0.000;GC组:χ~2=24.110,P= 0.000;χ~2=18.736,P=0.000),IM组的表达低于Dys组及GC组(Dys组:χ~2=4.258,P<0.05;χ~2 =4.212,P<0.05:GC组:χ~2=7.786,P<0.01;χ~2 =4.687,P<0.05),而Dys组与GC组间无显著性差异.H pylori阳性IM及Dys组bFGF,FGFR-2的表达均显著高于阴性组(IM组:χ~2=10.076,P<0.01;χ~2=7.535,P<0.01;Dys组:χ~2=11.501,P<0.01;χ~2=8.330,P<0.01).H pylori阳性Dys组bFGF,FGFR-2表达显著高于GC组(χ~2= 4.201,P<0.05;χ~2=3.982,P<0.05),H pylori阳性IM组则与GC组的表达无显著性差异;H pylori阴性Dys组及IM组bFGF的表达均显著低于GC组(χ~2=5.736,P<0.05;χ~2=17.113,P= 0.000),H pylori阴性Dys组FGFR-2表达与GC组无显著性差异而IM组的FGFR-2的表达显著低于GC组(χ~2=11.091,P<0.05).结论:H pylori感染引起胃黏膜上皮细胞bFGF及FGFR-2的过度表达可能与H pylori感染致胃黏膜上皮细胞的癌变有关.