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数字普惠金融的发展使传统个人征信体系已经难以适应日新月异的金融市场。中国个人征信体系以中央银行征信系统为中心,个人征信市场化仍处在初期探索阶段,相比日益增加的金融需求,个人征信存在巨大缺口。传统个人征信模式为网络借贷等有征信需求的新型金融机构提供信息支持更显得捉襟见肘。为弥补传统征信的不足,互联网征信、大数据征信得到广泛研究和试验,但信用信息相互孤立问题、信息安全问题仍然存在,个人非信用信息指标对解释违约行为仍然有待市场检验。本文针对个人征信中征信信息、信用信息共享、隐私保护、征信市场化等问题讨论了区块链技术应用于个人征信的可能性和解决方案。区块链机构对个人征信中的业务环节进行创新,具有降低金融交易信息不对称引发的违约风险、缓解信息共享与隐私保护矛盾的潜力。但区块链技术也存在信息不可更改、不规范使用和其他未知风险,需要监管机构加以密切关注。
The development of digital inclusive finance makes it difficult for the traditional personal credit information system to adapt to the ever-changing financial market. The personal credit information system of China focuses on the credit reporting system of the Central Bank. The marketization of personal credit information is still at an early stage of exploration. Compared with the ever-increasing financial demand, personal credit reporting has a huge gap. The traditional personal credit reporting model is even more stretched because of the information support provided by the new financial institutions that require credit information such as online loans. In order to make up for the lack of traditional credit checking, extensive research and experimentation have been carried out on internet credit and big data credit reporting. However, credit information is isolated from each other and information security problems still exist. Individual non-credit information indicators still need to be market-tested for explaining default. This article discusses the possibility and solution of the application of blockchain technology to personal credit information for credit information, credit information sharing, privacy protection and credit market in personal credit information. Blockchain institutions innovate the business links in personal credit reporting, which has the potential to reduce the default risk caused by the asymmetric information of financial transactions and ease the contradiction between information sharing and privacy protection. But blockchain technology also has information that can not be changed, misused and other unknown risks that require regulatory agencies to pay close attention.