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在玉米自交系间杂交种的选育工作中,自交系间的遗传异质性越大、往往杂种一代的杂种优势也越大,即生长旺盛,高度整齐,抗逆力强,适应性广,显著增产。但是,不是用任何两个自交系进行杂交,都可以获得杂种优势的。这是因为自交系的性状,特别是那些如产量、株高、穗位、穗长、穗行数、行粒数和百粒重等数量性状各有不同配合力的结果。因此,采用适当的方法,比较更为全面地了解现有自交系和新选育自交系配合力的高低,对正确选择亲本,确定优良的杂交组合很有价值。在估算数量性状有关遗传因素的效应方面,多采用格瑞芬——
In the breeding of hybrids between maize inbred lines, the greater the genetic heterogeneity among the inbreds, the more hybrid heterosis tends to be the greater the generation of hybrids, that is, vigorous growth, highly neat, strong resilience, adaptability Wide, significant increase in output. However, heterosis can be obtained without crossing with any two inbreds. This is because the traits of inbred lines, especially those with different combinations such as yield, plant height, ear position, ear length, number of rows per ear, number of rows per line and number of seeds per 100 kernels, have different results. Therefore, using appropriate methods to understand more fully the combining ability of existing inbred lines and newly-bred inbred lines is very valuable for the correct selection of parents and determination of good hybrid combinations. In estimating the effect of quantitative traits on genetic factors, the use of more Griffin -