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利用物理射线、化学诱变剂处理杂交后代,使其作物细胞中的遗传物质DNA、RNA分子结构发生变化,造成染色体畸变,基因位点突变,使处理后代出现前所未有的新类型。我们应用诱变方法已培育出五个小麦品种,种植面积累积达75万hm~2,选育出各种各样突变体材料2750份,株高25～110cm,穗型有长方型、圆柱型、各种分枝类型等;创造出大穗小麦类型,株高55～75cm,穗长9～19cm,穗粒数74.4～173.3粒,平均108.5粒,千粒重24.2～65.0g,平均45.5g,单位株均单穗重4.00～6.69g,平均4.17g,是一般小麦类型的2倍左右,表明其具有高光效小麦类型的特点,预期产量9000～12000kg/hm~2。
The use of physical radiation, chemical mutagen treatment of hybrid progeny, the crop cells in the genetic material DNA, RNA molecular structure changes, resulting in chromosomal aberrations, mutations in the gene locus, the progeny to deal with an unprecedented new type. We have applied mutagenesis to cultivate five wheat cultivars with a total area of 750000 hm ~ 2 cultivated, breeding 2750 varieties of mutant materials with a plant height of 25 ~ 110cm, panicles of rectangular shape, Type, a variety of branches types; create a large spike wheat type, height 55 ~ 75cm, spike length 9 ~ 19cm, spikelets 74.4 ~ 173.3 grains, an average of 108.5 grains, grain weight 24.2 ~ 65.0g, average 45.5g, The average single ear weight per plant was 4.00 ~ 6.69g, average 4.17g, which was about 2 times that of common wheat, indicating that it had the characteristics of high light - efficiency wheat type and the expected yield was 9000 ~ 12000kg / hm ~ 2.