食用菌同其它的生物一样,最本质的特征是亲代和子代的相像性,香菇菌丝长出香菇,草菇孢子萌发为草菇,这种“子类父性”的现象叫遗传。它包含着既对立又统一的两个方面——遗传与变异。有了遗传,生命才代代相传;有了变异,生物才个个有别。但是遗传中有变异,变异中有遗传。否则,只遗传不变异就不会有今天这样形形色色的食用菌,而只变异不遗传,就可能种下平菇长出黑木耳。了解遗传变异原理,对发展食用菌生产有重要意义,它将使我们更深刻地认识食用菌,更有效地改造食用 Edible fungi and other organisms, the most essential feature is the similarity of parents and offspring, mushrooms mycelium grow mushrooms, mushroom spore germination straw mushroom, this “sub-paternal” phenomenon is called genetic. It contains two aspects of opposition and unity - heredity and mutation. With the heredity, life is handed down from generation to generation; with variation, the creatures are all different. However, genetic variation, there is genetic variation. Otherwise, only genetic variation will not have today such a variety of edible mushrooms, but only mutation does not inherit, it is possible to grow mushrooms grow black fungus. Understanding the principle of genetic variation is of great importance to the development of edible fungi production. It will enable us to better understand edible mushrooms and transform edible