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植物花性状的多样化是植物长期进化及自然选择的结果,不同植物种间花性状的变异与生境存在一定的相关性。北热带喀斯特季节性雨林具有生境异质性强、群落结构复杂、特有成分丰富等特点,分析该森林植物性状的变化特征及其与生境的关联性,有助于理解物种共存、协同进化过程和对生境的适应,可为阐明喀斯特植物的生态适应性、理解生物多样性维持机理提供依据。本研究在弄岗15 ha森林动态监测样地木本植物开花相对集中的时间段进行,记录并分析了21个物种花性状的变化。根据物种空间分布及其与生境的关联特性,将21个物种分成偏好谷底、山坡、山顶的3种类型,分析了这3种类型植物的花性状差异;另外又根据花性状对21个物种进行聚类分析,探讨了聚类分组结果和根据偏好生境分组结果的异同。结果表明:花大小、花色鲜艳度均与物种优势度存在显著的负相关关系,花小而不鲜艳的物种在群落中更有优势,表现出更好的适应性;不同偏好生境的植物花色明度有显著差异,其他的花性状差异不显著;聚类分组与根据偏好生境的分组有较好的一致性,反映出物种的花性状变化响应了生境的变化。综上结果,我们认为北热带喀斯特季节性雨林植物花性状与物种的优势度及生境条件有密切联系,在该区域中生境对花性状的影响可能比传粉者更为深刻。
The diversification of plant flower traits is the result of long-term evolution and natural selection of plants. The variation of flower traits among different plant species has some correlation with habitat. The northern tropical karst seasonal rainforest has the characteristics of strong habitat heterogeneity, complex community structure and unique composition. The analysis of the changing characteristics of the forest plant characters and its relationship with the habitat is helpful to understand the coexistence of species and the process of coevolution The adaptation to habitat may provide the basis for elucidating the ecological adaptability of karst plants and understanding the maintenance mechanism of biodiversity. The study was conducted in the period of relatively concentrated flowering of woody plants in the forest monitoring station of Nonggang 15 ha, and the changes of flower traits of 21 species were recorded and analyzed. According to the spatial distribution of species and their relationship with habitats, 21 species were divided into three types, which are valley bottom, hillside and hilltop. The differences of flower traits among the three types of plants were analyzed. In addition, 21 species Clustering analysis explores the similarities and differences between cluster grouping results and grouping results based on preferred habitats. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the flower size and flower color vividness and the species dominance. Species with small flowers but not bright color had more advantages in the community and showed better adaptability. The flower color intensity of different habitats There was a significant difference between the other flower traits; the clustering grouping had better consistency with the grouping according to the preference habitat, which reflected that the change of flower traits of the species responded to the change of habitat. In conclusion, we believe that the flower traits of the seasonal tropical rain forest in the North Tropics are closely related to the dominance of the species and the habitat conditions, and the impact of habitat on flower traits may be more profound than the pollinators.