目的探讨慢性淋巴水肿相关的血管肉瘤(Stewart-Treves综合征,STS)的MR表现。方法回顾性分析5例经病理及手术证实的STS的临床及MRI表现。结果 STS的MR表现为在长期、显著淋巴水肿的肢体皮肤表面及皮下软组织内散在的软组织结节,大多数结节T1WI呈中等信号强度,T2WI上表现为肿胀增厚的软组织中的低信号结节,2例结节内混杂有稍长T2略高信号,1例中心区可见点状短T1低信号。2例可见肌肉组织受累。增强扫描显著强化。结论皮肤及皮下软组织内多发、大小不等的短T2信号软组织结节是STS较有特征性的MRI表现。STS的MR表现具有一定特征,临床病史结合MRI检查对于其定位及定性诊断有帮助。 Objective To investigate the MR manifestations of chronic lymphedema-associated hemangiosarcoma (Stewart-Treves syndrome, STS). Methods The clinical and MRI findings of 5 STS confirmed by pathology and surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Results The MR manifestations of STS were soft tissue nodules scattered on the limb skin surface and subcutaneous soft tissues of long-term, significant lymphedema, most of the nodules showed moderate signal intensity on T1WI, and on T2WI showed low signaling knots in soft tissue with swelling and thickening. At the section, there were 2 slightly longer T2 slightly high signals mixed in the nodules, and a short T1 low signal appeared in the center of the 1 case. Two cases showed muscle involvement. Enhanced scanning is significantly enhanced. Conclusion The multiple T2 signal soft tissue nodules with multiple sizes and sizes in the skin and subcutaneous soft tissue are the characteristic MRI features of STS. The MR manifestation of STS has certain characteristics. Clinical history combined with MRI examination is helpful for its location and qualitative diagnosis.