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本文全面研究了变形温度、变形程度、模具预热温度、润滑条件以及所用设备对GH33和GH220合金镦粗时变形力(平均单位压力)的影响。将所得大量数据进行多元线性回归,得到了估算这两种合金镦粗时平均单位压力计算公式。回归分析结果表明,对于GH33合金,采用FR35防护润滑剂,在摩擦压力机上镦粗时,加热温度对平均单位压力的影响最大,其次是变形程度,模具预热温度的影响最小;但在油压机上镦粗时,变形程度对平均单位压力的影响最大,其次是加热温度,模具预热温度也有一定影响。对于GH220合金,采用FR35防护润滑剂,在摩擦压力机和油压机上镦粗时,加热温度和变形程度对平均单位压力的影响大致相当。对于GH33合金,采用FR35防护润滑剂,可以降低平均单位压力,但降低的程度与变形程度及所用设备有关。对于GH220合金,FR35防护润滑剂对平均单位压力并无明显影响。在采用FR35防护润滑剂的条件下,GH33合金的填充性大致与40CrNiMoA合金结构钢相当,远比GH220合金为好。
In this paper, the effects of deformation temperature, degree of deformation, preheating temperature of mold, lubrication conditions and deformation force (average unit pressure) of GH33 and GH220 alloy during upsetting are studied thoroughly. A large number of data obtained by multiple linear regression, obtained estimates of these two alloys when the average unit pressure upsetting formula. The results of regression analysis show that for the GH33 alloy, when the FR35 protective lubricant is used, the influence of heating temperature on the average unit pressure is the greatest when upsetting on the friction press, followed by the deformation degree, and the influence of the mold preheating temperature is the smallest; Upsetting, the deformation of the average pressure unit the greatest impact, followed by the heating temperature, mold preheating temperature also have a certain impact. For GH220 alloy, the use of FR35 protective lubricant, upset in the friction press and hydraulic press, the heating temperature and degree of deformation on the average unit pressure is roughly the same. For GH33 alloy, using FR35 protective lubricant reduces the average unit pressure, but the degree of reduction depends on the degree of deformation and the equipment used. For GH220 alloy, FR35 protective lubricant has no significant effect on the average unit pressure. Under the condition of using FR35 protective lubricant, the filling property of GH33 alloy is almost equivalent to that of 40CrNiMoA alloy structural steel, which is much better than GH220 alloy.