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儒家学派创自孔子,迄今二千五百余年,是一个植根中国影响世界的重要学派.二干多年来,儒学的发展大体上可分几个阶段.孔子终生从事教育,孔了卒后,其弟子散游诸侯国,宗师孔子,设教于四方,“徒属弥众,弟子弥丰,充满天下”.(《吕氏春秋·当染》)战国时号为“显学”,而以孟轲、苟卿为两大流派.孟荀的取向不同,但宗师孔子,祖述六艺,则是一致的,是为先秦儒学.两汉经学盛兴,汉代儒学为经学时代.魏晋为玄学时代,玄儒会通儒道,后来又兼摄佛理用来解释儒家经典,而以《周易》为中心.宋代以来,理学兴起,理学以儒家思想为主体,而又吸收消化了佛道思想,反映了以儒为主,三教合一的时代思潮.现代的新儒学则是与西学结合,汲取西方思想来丰富发展儒学.从这个发展过程看来,儒学具有两个特征:其一是孔子为“圣之时者也”.儒学随着时代发展,“与时偕行”是儒学的传统.其二,儒学是开放性的而不是“固步自封”的.它能融摄各种新思想新东西,因之具有很强的生命力.
Since Confucianism was founded by Confucius for more than 2500 years, it has become an important school rooted in China’s influence on the world.For many years, the development of Confucianism can be divided into several stages: Confucius is educated for life, , His disciples roam the vassal state, master Confucius, teaching in the Quartet, “is a disciple of Mi public, disciple Masafumi, full of the world.” (“Lu Shi Chun Qiu Dang Dang”) Warring States Times as “significant school” Meng Ke, Gou Qing are two genres.Meng Xun’s orientation is different, but the master Confucius, the ancestral six arts, is the same, is pre-Qin Confucianism.Hang Xing Han Dynasty Confucianism is the era of Confucian classics.Weijin is the Metaphysics era, Since the Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism rose and Neo-Confucianism took Confucianism as the main body, but also absorbed and digested the thoughts of Buddhism and Taoism, which reflected the reflection of Buddhism and Taoism Confucianism, the three religions of the tide of the times.Modern Neo-Confucianism is combined with Western learning, learn from Western ideas to enrich the development of Confucianism.From this development process, Confucianism has two characteristics: one is Confucius “When the saint also.” Confucianism with the development of the times, “with time” is Confucianism Tradition. Second, Confucianism is open-ended and not “stand still” in. It Assimilation of all kinds of new ideas and new things, consequent has a strong vitality.