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为了评定机车车辆车轴的疲劳强度,需要考虑到各部尺寸、几何形状、凹槽、光洁度和表面硬化等因素的影响,掌握实际车轴的疲劳特性。过去采用小尺寸试件疲劳试验的方法确定车轴材料的疲劳特性,由于试验方法不规范,所以试验的结果相互之间差别很大,不能应用到实际的设计工作当中去。因此,当前车轴疲劳强度试验发展的趋势是力求进行实物疲劳试验。波兰铁路的车轴实物疲劳试验是在模拟试验的基础上发展起来的,是在波茨南机车车辆试验研究中心安装了车轴实物疲劳强度试验台之后开始进行的。根据车
In order to assess the fatigue strength of rolling stock axles, it is necessary to take into account the various dimensions, geometry, grooves, finish and surface hardening and other factors, to grasp the actual axle fatigue characteristics. In the past, fatigue test of small-sized specimens was used to determine the fatigue characteristics of axle materials. Because of the non-standard test methods, the results of tests differed greatly from each other and could not be applied to actual design work. Therefore, the trend of the current axle fatigue test development is to strive for physical fatigue test. The Polish Axle Axle Physical Fatigue Test was developed on the basis of a simulation test that was started after the Axle Physical Fatigue Strength Tester was installed at the Test Drive and Research Center of the Potenay Locomotive. According to the car