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20世纪八九十年代,新的政治思想方向的转换使意识形态修正学派逐渐丧失了在俄国学术界的主导地位。自由主义与民主思想体系的兴起使俄国史学研究进一步多样化。在世纪之交,大量被封闭的、从前绝密的档案成为公共财产,有价值的史料相继被出版,这对阐释苏俄历史发展道路的特点具有重要意义。最近10—15年来,俄国学术的研究范围有了很大的拓展,1917—1936年间苏联政治体制的形成问题、1937—1938年间的“大清洗”对俄国工人史的研究是史学界关注的问题之一。苏联解体问题具有极大的史学研究价值。俄国历史学的“过渡期”已经结束。在过渡时期,俄国史学界在整体上处于一种没有目标的困境:俄国史学家们已达成一定的共识,认为学术研究不能再回到从前那种思想一统的老路上去了,方法和观念的多元化是任何一门学科顺利发展的首要条件。
In the 1980s and 1990s, the shift in the direction of the new political thinking led the gradual loss of ideological revisionism to the dominance of Russian academia. The rise of liberalism and democratic ideology has further diversified Russian historiography. At the turn of the century, a large number of closed, previously classified files became public property and valuable historical materials were published one after another. This is of great significance in explaining the characteristics of the historical development of the Soviet Union and Russia. In the recent 10-15 years, the scope of Russian academic research has been greatly expanded. The formation of the Soviet political system in 1917-1936 and the study of Russian workers’ history in the Great Cleansing of 1937-1938 are the concerns of historians one. The disintegration of the Soviet Union has great historical value. The “transition period” of Russian history has ended. In the transitional period, the Russian historians are generally in a dilemma of no purpose: the Russian historians have reached a certain consensus that academic research can no longer go back to the old way of thinking that unified the pluralism of methods and concepts Is the first condition for the smooth development of any subject.