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采用宽带信号的相控阵雷达可获得高的距离分辨率,但也面临挑战:宽带数字波束合成和自适应抗干扰。典型的宽带自适应数字波束合成架构中,首先,在基带采用分数延时滤波器实现多通道的延时补偿;然后,将宽带信号分解为许多子带,在每个子带内做传统的窄带自适应数字波束合成;最后,合成为宽带波束输出。该信号处理方法,在宽带条件下,通过宽带延时补偿实现了精确的波束指向,取得了较好的抗干扰性能。文中基于子带化方法,提出了一种新的架构,将延时补偿合并到窄带波束合成中,即用窄带的附加相移,代替了原有的多通道延时补偿单元。结果是该架构中不再需要分数延时滤波器,大大降低了计算量节约硬件资源。同时,仍然保证了宽带阵列雷达波束的精确指向。结合相控阵雷达阵列实例,文中分别采用传统架构及所提出的新架构完成宽带波束合成,给出仿真结果以供对比,证明了新架构的有效性。
Phased array radios using wideband signals achieve high range resolution, but also face the challenge of wideband digital beamforming and adaptive immunity. In a typical wideband adaptive digital beamforming architecture, first, fractional delay filters are used in the baseband to achieve multi-channel delay compensation; then, the wideband signal is decomposed into many subbands, and a conventional narrowband self Adapt to digital beamforming; and finally, synthesize into a broadband beamforming output. The signal processing method, under broadband conditions, through the broadband delay compensation to achieve an accurate beam pointing, and achieved good anti-jamming performance. In this paper, based on the subbandization method, a new architecture is proposed, which combines delay compensation with narrowband beamforming, which uses the additional phase shift of narrowband instead of the original multi-channel delay compensation unit. The result is that the architecture eliminates the need for fractional delay filters, which greatly reduces the amount of computation and saves hardware resources. At the same time, the precise pointing of the broadband array radar beam is still guaranteed. Combining with the example of phased array radar array, we use the traditional architecture and the proposed new architecture to complete the broadband beamforming respectively. The simulation results are given for comparison, which proves the effectiveness of the new architecture.