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目的：探讨臀上皮神经与腰腿痛的关系。方法：①在５２侧标本上对腰神经后外侧支及臀上皮神经行程特点、分支及毗邻关系进行解剖观测，对腰神经后外侧支浅出点作了体表定位；②结合６８例“腰腿痛”病例临床资料进行分析。结果：①腰神经后外侧支穿腰背筋膜浅层的体表投影在髂嵴最高点及其下方１．３ｃｍ处作的２条水平线与距后正中线外侧６．４ｃｍ和７．４ｃｍ的２条垂直线，上述线的４个交点区域即为其浅出的投影区；②有３６．５％腰神经后外侧支浅出处的筋膜略增厚，神经相对固定；③臀上皮神经行程中未见明显的纤维管或沟槽。结论：臀上皮神经不易损伤，似与腰腿痛无关；腰神经后外侧支浅出处易受卡压，可能是腰腿痛的原因之一。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the gluteal nerve and low back pain. Methods: ①The anatomic observation of the characteristics of the posterolateral branch and the superior gluteal nerve of the lumbar nerve was performed on 52 sides of the lumbar nerve. Leg pain "case clinical data analysis. Results: ① The lateral projection of the lumbar nerves through the superficial fascia of the lumbar and dorsal fascia, the 2 horizontal lines at the highest point of the iliac crest and 1.3 cm below the iliac crest, the two horizontal lines at 6.4 cm and 7.4 cm from the posterior midline The vertical line, the intersection of the four lines above the line is its shallow out of the projection area; ② 36.5% of the lumbar nerves posterior lateral thickening of the fascia slightly thicker, the nerve is relatively fixed; ③ hip epicural nerve stroke No obvious fiber tube or groove was found. Conclusion: Injury to the superior gluteal nerve is not likely to be associated with low back pain, and the posterior lateral lobe of the lumbar nerve is vulnerable to compression, which may be one of the causes of low back pain.