论文部分内容阅读
目的 探讨早产儿发生院内感染的危险因素 ,为院内感染的监控和干预措施提供可靠的理论依据。 方法 对我科 1991年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月共 12年期间住院的 94 8例早产儿及其院内感染病例进行回顾性研究总结。 结果 94 8例早产儿中 114例发生 135次院内感染 ,发生率为9 0‰。发生院内感染者比未感染者的胎龄及出生体重均小 ,住院时间明显延长。早产儿发生院内感染的危险性相关因素为出生体重 (≤ 15 0 0g)、胎龄 (≤ 32周 )及呼吸机治疗 (P <0 .0 0 1)。以肺炎占首位 ,细菌检出率为 2 3.7% ,其中G+菌占 1/ 3,G-菌占 2 / 3。院内感染病死率为 9.6 5 %。 结论 充分了解和纠正早产儿发生院内感染的高危因素 ,强调洗手的重要性 ,合理应用抗生素 ,尽量减少侵袭性操作次数 ,缩短操作时间 ,加强消毒隔离制度和无菌原则 ,将明显减少院内感染发病率
Objective To explore the risk factors of nosocomial infection in premature infants and to provide a reliable theoretical basis for monitoring and intervention of nosocomial infections. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 94 8 premature infants and their nosocomial infections hospitalized in our department from January 1991 to December 2002 for 12 years. Results A total of 135 hospital infections occurred in 114 of 94 8 premature infants, with a rate of 90%. The incidence of nosocomial infection than those who were not infected with gestational age and birth weight were small, significantly longer hospital stay. The risk factors associated with nosocomial infections in preterm infants were birth weight (≤ 150 g), gestational age (≤ 32 weeks), and ventilator therapy (P <.001). Pneumonia accounted for the first place, the detection rate of bacteria was 23.7%, of which G + bacteria accounted for 1/3, G-bacteria accounted for 2/3. Nosocomial infection mortality was 9.6 5%. Conclusion To fully understand and correct the high risk factors of nosocomial infection in preterm infants, emphasize the importance of hand washing, rational use of antibiotics, minimize the number of invasive operations, shorten the operation time, strengthen the disinfection and isolation system and sterility principle, and significantly reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections rate