胰岛素具有多种生理功能,是大多数组织中的一种主要的代谢激素。其最显著的功能是,提高细胞摄取葡萄糖的能力、抑制糖元及脂肪分解、促进精元和蛋白质合成、加速葡萄糖的有氧分解。最近的研究证明,胰岛素还能促进核内DNA及RNA的合成。过去一直认为胰岛素仅是一种股激素,它通过与胰岛素膜受体作用而发挥其生物学功能。但最近研究证明,胰岛素不仅作用于膜,而且在与膜受体作用之后还能以完整的形式进入细胞、内质网及高尔基体。尤其是与核膜作 Insulin has a variety of physiological functions, is a major metabolic hormone in most tissues. Its most notable function is to improve the ability of cells to absorb glucose, inhibit glycogen and lipolysis, promote the synthesis of protein and protein, and accelerate the aerobic decomposition of glucose. Recent studies have shown that insulin can also promote nuclear DNA and RNA synthesis. In the past, insulin was thought to be only a stomatal hormone that exerts its biological function through its interaction with insulin membrane receptors. However, recent studies have shown that insulin not only acts on the membrane, but also enters the cell, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi in intact form after its interaction with membrane receptors. Especially with nuclear membrane