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拉美国家的两轮结构性养老金制度改革备受世人瞩目。在经济全球化、国际机构参与和全球多支柱养老金制度改革浪潮的国际背景下,拉美国家改革采取了一致的政策取向:引入以增进效率为政策目标的私人管理的基金积累制养老金制度。这种激进的结构性养老金制度改革在促进劳动力市场发展、推动资本市场和减少财政负担等方面取得了显著成效,但也暴露出许多问题。本文对拉美国家结构性养老金制度改革的国际背景、绩效进行分析,并总结其可资借鉴的经验与教训。
The reform of the two-round structural pension system in Latin American countries has drawn much attention from the world. Under the background of economic globalization, the participation of international agencies and the global wave of the reform of the multi-pillar pension system, the reform of Latin American countries has taken a unanimous policy orientation: the introduction of a system of pension accumulation by privately managed funds with the goal of promoting efficiency as a policy. This radical reform of the structural pension system has achieved remarkable results in promoting the development of the labor market, promoting the capital market and reducing the financial burden. However, many problems have also been exposed. This article analyzes the international background and performance of structural pension system reform in Latin American countries and sums up the experiences and lessons learned from it.