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目的了解海南省澄迈县野外小型动物体上硬蜱的寄生及季节消长状况。方法采用宿主体捡蜱法对野外小型动物体上硬蜱进行计数。结果 2009年4月—2010年3月共捕获宿主8种,在其上采集到的蜱经鉴定皆为粒形硬蜱,全年总寄生指数和寄生率分别为2.57和38.94%(118/303);合计和成蜱寄生指数最高峰在4月,均为10.1,而幼蜱和若蜱寄生指数最高峰分别在11月和1月,分别为1.83和3.33;总寄生率在4月最高,为76.19%(16/21);树鼩、针毛鼠体上蜱寄生指数和寄生率最高峰均在4月,而海南屋顶鼠则均有2个高峰,分别在4月及次年1月;在所有捕获宿主中树鼩体上蜱寄生指数和寄生率最高,分别为7.64和69.57%(48/69)。结论澄迈地区蜱活动具有明显的季节性,其中4月是其活动高峰;树鼩可能为粒形硬蜱的最适宿主。
Objective To understand the parasitism and seasonal fluctuation of ticks on small animals in the field of Chengmai County, Hainan Province. Methods Iodine tick ticking method was used to count ticks on small animals in the field. Results A total of 8 host species were collected from April 2009 to March 2010, and the ticks collected on them were identified as Ixodes scabies. The annual total parasitism index and parasitism were 2.57 and 38.94% (118/303 ). The highest peak value of sum and tick ticks was 10.1 in April, while the peak values of parasitism index of ticks and ticks were 1.83 and 3.33 respectively in November and January respectively. The total parasitism rate was the highest in April, Was 76.19% (16/21). The highest tick parasitism index and parasitism rate in tree shrews and needle hamsters were all in April, while Hainan roof hamsters had two peaks in April and the following January The parasitism index and parasitism rate of tree ticks were the highest in all the captured hosts, accounting for 7.64 and 69.57%, respectively (48/69). Conclusion The activities of ticks in Chengmai area are obviously seasonal, of which April is the peak of their activity. The tree shrew may be the optimal host for Ixodes.