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目的探讨核电站运行前后周围人口变化趋势,为居民健康状况的监测、评价与医学应急准备提供科学的基础数据。方法以大亚湾核电站1号核岛为圆心,通过描述流行病学调查,分析核电站不同距离(0~5,0~10、0~20和0~30 km)、不同运行期间(1990—1992、1993—1997、2002—2005、2006—2010)周围人口的密度、男女比例及年龄性别构成比。结果 20年来,4个调查区人口密度均有不同程度增长,其中,户籍人口以0~30 km增长最快,年增长率为3.87%;常住人口以0~5 km增长最快,年增长率为10.35%。男女比例2010年0~10 km上升至101.40,较1990年增加了16.16;1993—2010年,年龄构成在0~10和0~20 km范围内,0~14岁比重分别下降了7.78%和9.74%,15~64岁比重分别上升了9.20%和9.75%。结论人口密度低于相关的控制标准,非户籍人口增加幅度较大;性别比例由男少女多转变为男多女少;年龄构成15~64岁比重逐年上升,以劳动适龄人口为主。
Objective To explore the changing trend of the population around the nuclear power plant before and after its operation, and to provide scientific basic data for the monitoring, evaluation and medical emergency preparedness of residents. Methods Based on the epidemiological survey of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station nuclear island 1, different distances (0 ~ 5, 0 ~ 10, 0 ~ 20 and 0 ~ 30 km) of nuclear power plants were analyzed. During different operation periods (1990-1992 and 1993 -1997,2002-2005,2006-2010) the density of the surrounding population, the proportion of men and women and age-sex ratio. Results In the past 20 years, the population density of 4 surveyed areas all increased to some extent. Among them, the registered population grew fastest at 0 ~ 30 km and the annual growth rate was 3.87%; the resident population grew fastest at 0 ~ 5 km and the annual growth rate 10.35%. The ratio of male to female rose from 0 to 10 km in 2010 to 101.40, an increase of 16.16 over 1990. From 1993 to 2010, the age ranged from 0 to 10 and ranged from 0 to 20 km, with the proportions of 0 to 14 years decreased by 7.78% and 9.74, respectively %, The proportion of 15-64 years increased by 9.20% and 9.75% respectively. Conclusions The population density is lower than the relevant control standards, and the non-household population increases more greatly. The gender ratio transforms from male and female to male and female less. The proportion of 15-64-year-olds is increasing year by year, mainly of working-age population.