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电影导演研究是电影研究的一个重要侧向,肇始于20世纪50年代中后期。从“作者”研究发端到“作者”电影蔚为大观,它标志着“新浪潮”电影的兴起,同时标志着电影艺术由经典时期迈入现代。然而,围绕着“作者”展开导演研究,总是囿于个人风格的狭窄视角,无法总从一个更具高度的视野考察电影导演的问题。从电影教育的角度来思考电影导演的问题,即导演的教育背景、艺术训练这些先导性的因素对于导演风格形成构成的影响,也是一个切近的角度。从目前电影导演培育的两大教育系统——电影学院与戏剧学院——来进一步考察研究对象,会发现电影艺术中影像本位与戏剧本位的分野由来已久,而此分野并非由不同的教育的系统所促成,而是内化于电影本体自身。
Film director research is an important lateral direction of film research, which originated in the mid and late 1950s. From the author’s research to the author’s film, the movie is a spectacular event, which marks the rise of the movie “New Wave”, and at the same time indicates that the movie art has entered the modern age from the classic period. However, conducting research on the subject of “Author ” always follows a narrow perspective of personal style and can not always examine the film director from a more advanced perspective. From the perspective of cinema education to think of the film director’s problem, that is, the director’s educational background, the art of training these leading factors for the formation of director style formation is also a close perspective. From the two education systems currently cultivated by film directors - Film Academy and Drama Academy - to further investigate the subject, we find that the distinction between image-based and drama-based in film art has existed for a long time, but not by different educational System, but internalized in the movie itself.