在我国,计划经济体制下的文化产业,如报纸、杂志、书店、出版社、剧团、影院等,从来就未成为真正意义上的产业,主要是靠政府拨款或补贴。改革开放以来,文化产业加大了市场经营的比例,但大多是惨淡维持。即使“皇粮”未断,仍有相当一部分文化产业,欲求温饱而不可得。而图书馆、纪念馆、博物馆等,从性质上说属公益性事业单位,即使不是全额拨款,也应是差额拨款,就是发达国家,也是非营 In our country, the cultural industries such as newspapers, magazines, bookstores, publishing houses, theatrical troupes and cinemas under the planned economic system have never become a real industry and are mainly funded or subsidized by the government. Since the reform and opening up, the cultural industry has increased the proportion of market operation, but most of them are in dismal maintenance. Even if the “royal grain” is not broken, there are still quite a few cultural industries that are desperate for food and clothing. And libraries, memorials, museums, etc., from the nature of public welfare institutions, even if not full funding, it should be the balance of appropriations, that is, developed countries, but also non-camp