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随着奥林匹克运动在全球范围内的发展,美国、澳大利亚、英国等许多已经或即将举办奥运会的国家均就奥林匹克标志保护进行了专门立法。我国在获得2008年奥运会主办权后.也通过颁布单行法的方式对奥林匹克标志给予特别保护。与澳大利亚、英国等国家不同的是,美国的奥林匹克标志保护立法并非屈从于外力运用国家强制力而强加于美国知识产权法律体系的异化物,而是将法律作为社会管理的一种有效工具,基于本土知识产权保护模式和奥林匹克运动的发展,通过法律规范、法律制度和法律活动,以法律手段实现资源的最佳配置。本文通过系统梳理美国业余体育法的发展历史.并通过解析 SFAA 诉 USOC 案中法官对美国业余体育法的阐释分析和探究该法的价值取向与具体适用原则,从而厘清美国奥林匹克标志保护的立法逻辑和进路。这不仅对于反思我国的奥林匹克标志保护立法现状具有参照作用,对于理性选择规制奥林匹克知识产权的保护模式也具有借鉴价值。
With the development of the Olympic Games in the world, many countries, such as the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom, which have or will soon host the Olympic Games, have enacted specific legislation on the protection of the Olympic symbol. After obtaining the right to host the 2008 Olympic Games, our country also gives special protection to the Olympic symbols through the promulgation of a single-line law. Unlike other countries such as Australia and Great Britain, the United States’ Olympic symbol protection legislation is not to succumb to the alienation that external forces impose on the American intellectual property legal system by using state coercion. Rather, it regards law as an effective tool for social management based on The protection of indigenous intellectual property and the development of the Olympic Movement, through legal norms, legal systems and legal activities, the legal means to achieve the best allocation of resources. This article systematically combs the history of the development of amateur sports law in the United States, and clarifies the legislative logic of the Olympic symbol protection in the United States by analyzing the interpretation of the amateur sports law in the case of SFAA v. USOC and exploring the value orientation and specific application of the law And the way. This not only serves as a reference for reflecting on the status quo of our country’s Olympic symbol protection legislation, but also has reference value for the rational choice of the Olympic intellectual property protection model.