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目的掌握南京市鼓楼区流行性腮腺炎(流腮)的发病规律,评估预防接种前后21年流腮的流行病学特征变化。方法对南京市鼓楼区1991～2011年流腮疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 1998年起南京市鼓楼区已开始推行含流腮成份疫苗的预防接种,2008年纳入扩大的国家免疫规划。21年间流腮发病率总体呈下降趋势,每隔7～8年有一个发病高峰。预防接种改变了流腮的流行病学特征,高发年龄从未开展预防接种前的3～7岁变为扩大国家免疫规划后的10～12岁。结论预防接种是预防控制流腮的有效措施。为降低发病率,在做好常规免疫的同时,应在下一个流行高峰期到来之前,提高中、小学生的免疫覆盖率。
Objective To investigate the incidence of mumps (Mumps) in Gulou District of Nanjing City and evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in 21 years before and after vaccination. Methods The data of mumps reported from 1991 to 2011 in Gulou District of Nanjing City were analyzed. Results Since 1998, Drum Tower District in Nanjing has started the vaccination of vaccines containing grisea ingredients and was included in the expanded national immunization program in 2008. In the past 21 years, the incidence of mumps showed a general downward trend with a peak incidence every 7-8 years. Vaccination has altered the epidemiological characteristics of mumps, with ages 3 to 7 before high-prevalence vaccination becoming 10 to 12 years after the expansion of the national immunization program. Conclusion Vaccination is an effective measure to prevent and control mumps. In order to reduce morbidity, we should improve the immunization coverage of primary and secondary school students before the next peak of popularity, while doing routine immunization.