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人参是一种贵重药材,使用历史悠久,疗效确实。因为价格昂贵,在不少省区有将外形类似人参的品种经加工而充“人参”,“红参”或“高丽参”销售。这些伪品的植物来源及疗效与人参完全不同,不能混淆,应注意鉴别。人参(Panax ginseng)因生长情况的不同,分为野人参(山参)、移山参、园参等,又因加工方法不同,分为红参类、糖参类、生晒参类和其它类(如捣皮参)等,又因部位、质量、大小分为若干规格等级。山参价格昂贵,市场上也时有用人工栽培的园参经加工后冒充山参。一、山参与园参的区别山参:有明显的枣核芋、马芽芦,表面细腻、平滑,黄白色。芦头细长,芦碗密,上部扭曲。肩横纹细且深(有用刀刻并抹以颜色充山参者,其纹模糊不清),色灰黑,多呈连续螺旋状,皮细而紧,光而不粗,俗称“细结皮”。参腿1～2支,参须长,质韧,珍珠疙瘩明显。
Ginseng is a precious herbal medicine, has a long history of use, and its efficacy is really good. Because of the high price, in some provinces and regions, there are varieties of ginseng-like products that are processed and sold as “ginseng”, “red ginseng” or “ginseng”. The botanical sources and efficacy of these counterfeit products are completely different from those of ginseng and should not be confused. We should pay attention to identification. Panax ginseng is divided into wild ginseng (ginseng), ginseng, ginseng, etc. due to different growth conditions, and is classified into red ginseng, sugar ginseng, ginseng ginseng, and others due to different processing methods. Classes (such as ginseng ginseng) are classified into several grades due to their parts, quality, and size. The wild ginseng is expensive, and on the market, artificially cultivated garden ginseng is treated as a ginseng. First, the difference in participation of wild ginseng mountain ginseng: There are obvious date nucleus, malaria reeds, the surface is delicate, smooth, yellow and white. The reed head is slender, the reed bowl is dense, and the upper part is twisted. The shoulders are thin and deep (when a knife is used to engrave and fill the ginseng with color, the lines are blurred). The color is gray and black, mostly continuous spiral. The skin is fine and tight, but the light is not thick, commonly known as “fine knot”. skin". Legs 1 to 2 sticks, long, tough, pearls obvious.