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以123名小学四、五年级汉语儿童为研究对象,采用回归分析、结构方程模型探讨语音意识、命名速度和语素意识在阅读能力不同方面(准确性、流畅性和理解)的作用。结果显示,语音意识、命名速度和语素意识都是影响阅读能力的重要认知因素,但对不同方面阅读能力的作用存在差异:(1)语音意识、命名速度和语素意识均直接影响阅读准确性,且语素意识的贡献相对较大;(2)命名速度除直接影响阅读流畅性外,还通过阅读准确性的部分中介作用影响阅读流畅性,而语音意识和语素意识则通过阅读准确性的完全中介作用影响阅读流畅性;(3)语音意识、命名速度和语素意识对阅读理解均无直接影响,分别通过阅读准确性和阅读流畅性间接影响阅读理解。
Taking 123 Chinese children in grades four and five as the study objects, regression analysis and structural equation modeling are used to explore the role of phonological awareness, naming speed and morpheme awareness in different aspects of reading ability (accuracy, fluency and understanding). The results show that phonological awareness, naming speed and morpheme awareness are all important cognitive factors that affect reading ability, but there are differences in reading ability among different aspects: (1) Phonological awareness, naming speed and morpheme awareness all directly affect reading accuracy , And the contribution of morpheme awareness is relatively large; (2) In addition to directly affecting the reading fluency, the speed of naming also affects reading fluency through partial mediation of reading accuracy, while phonological awareness and morpheme awareness are fully understood through reading (3) Phonological awareness, naming speed and morpheme awareness have no direct impact on reading comprehension, which indirectly influences reading comprehension through reading accuracy and reading fluency, respectively.