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本文通过对异质性企业贸易理论的探讨,构建可变贸易成本与生产率联合异质性的一般均衡模型,解释异质性企业贸易理论的产品多样性、社会福利以及企业选择的基础理论问题。研究发现,Melitz模型的参数限制区间在生产率无上界的帕累托分布下存在,在有上界的帕累托分布中消失;对社会福利的分解证明了自由贸易度提高会降低总的开放经济产品多样性。存在异质性可变贸易成本拓展模型,证明了市场分割未必会阻碍社会福利的增长。此外,可变贸易成本的提高会显著提升企业出口概率,从而社会福利的增长机制会出现与Melitz模型不一致的情况。
Through the discussion of the heterogeneous enterprise trade theory, this paper constructs a general equilibrium model of joint heterogeneity between variable trade costs and productivity, and explains the product diversity, social welfare and basic theoretical issues of enterprise selection in heterogeneous enterprise trade theory. The study found that the Melitz model’s parameter limit interval exists under the Pareto distribution with no upper bound in productivity and disappears in the Pareto distribution with upper bound. Decomposition of social welfare proves that the increase of free trade will reduce the total opening Economic product diversity. Existence of a heterogeneous and variable trade cost expansion model proves that market segmentation does not necessarily hinder the growth of social welfare. In addition, the increase of variable trade costs will significantly increase the probability of enterprise export, and thus the growth mechanism of social welfare will be inconsistent with the Melitz model.