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如何通过创新提升生产性服务贸易竞争优势已成为与国际高端竞争相关的关键问题。生产性服务业创新主要来自于产业自身的研发(R&D)行为、进口带来的溢出效应和制造业的技术关联等异质性创新活动。日本作为典型发达国家,其生产性服务贸易竞争优势的培育却相对滞后并成为经济可持续发展的掣肘。运用面板矫正标准误差模型分析异质性创新对日本生产性服务贸易竞争优势的促动效应,结果表明:自主技术创新对劳动-资本密集型生产性服务贸易竞争优势产生了正面效应,但对知识密集型生产性服务业作用不明显;制造业创新关联明显促进了生产性服务贸易竞争优势的提升,对知识密集型生产性服务业尤其具有重要作用;进口创新溢出对于劳动-资本密集型生产性服务贸易竞争优势产生了极大的负面效应,而对知识密集型生产性服务业作用不显著。综合言之,异质性创新的错配、制造业外移带来的创新关联弱化、独特国情形成的进口溢出吸收能力薄弱等因素是造成日本生产性服务贸易竞争优势逐年下降的根本原因。
How to enhance the competitive advantage of producer services through innovation has become a key issue related to the international high-end competition. Producer services innovation mainly comes from the industry’s own research and development (R & D) behavior, the spillover effect brought by imports and manufacturing technology and other heterogeneous innovation activities. Japan, as a typical developed country, has relatively lagging behind in its competitive advantages in producer services trade and has become the constraint of sustainable economic development. The panel error correction model is used to analyze the motivating effect of heterogeneous innovation on the competitive advantage of Japan’s producer services trade. The results show that independent technological innovation has a positive effect on the competitive advantage of labor-capital-intensive producer service trade, The intensive service-oriented service industry does not play a significant role; the innovation linkages in manufacturing industry significantly promote the competitive advantage of producer service trade, which plays an important role especially in knowledge-intensive producer service industry; The competitive advantage of service trade has had a great negative effect, while it has no significant effect on knowledge-intensive producer services. To put it in a nutshell, factors such as the mismatch in heterogeneous innovation, the weakening of innovation linkages caused by manufacturing relocation, and the weak import spillover capacity created by unique national conditions are the fundamental reasons for the declining competitive advantage of Japan’s producer services trade year by year.