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一、中国铁路改革开放以来取得显著成就中国铁路是国家的重要基础设施,是国民经济的大动脉,对国民经济和社会发展具有重要作用。在国内现代化交通运输中,53%的旅客周转量和70%的货物周转量是由铁路完成的。改革开放以来,在国家的大力支持下,中国铁路建设和运输生产成就显著。从1978年到1994年的16年中,铁路营业里程从48600公里增加到53992公里,复线从7630公里增加到16159公里,电气化里程从1030公里增加到8966公里。1994年完成客运量10.8亿人次,比1978年增长34%;完成货运量15.7亿吨,比1978年增长46%;完成换算周转量16233亿换算吨公里,比1978年增长1.5倍。1994年,中国铁路运
I. Significant achievements made by China’s railway since its reform and opening up China’s railway is an important infrastructure for the country and is the main artery of the national economy and plays an important role in the national economy and social development. In the domestic modernization of transport, 53% of the passenger turnover and 70% of the goods turnover is completed by the railway. Since the reform and opening up, with the strong support of the country, China has made remarkable achievements in railway construction and transportation and production. During the 16 years from 1978 to 1994, the mileage of railways increased from 48,600 kilometers to 53,992 kilometers, the number of double lines increased from 7,630 kilometers to 16,159 kilometers and the electrification mileage increased from 1,030 kilometers to 8,966 kilometers. In 1994, the passenger traffic volume reached 1.08 billion, an increase of 34% over 1978; the volume of freight traffic reached 1.57 billion tons, an increase of 46% over 1978; and the turnover of 1,623.3 billion tons was completed, an increase of 1.5 times that of 1978. In 1994, China Railway Transport