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一、含氰植物与人类的利害关系众所周知,氰的钾盐(KCN)、钠盐(NaCN)和氰酸(HCN)以及氰甙等都是具有剧毒的物质。含氰物质对家畜等动物的毒性就很大,表1就是氰酸对动物致死量的结果。含氰物质对人的毒性也很大,如0.05—0.06克的氰酸就可将人毒死。由于含氰植物的毒性及其广泛分布在自然界里,所以,因误食含氰植物而发生中毒或甚至毙命的事故是屡见不鲜的。例如:摄食未经去毒处理的含氰木茨而中毒以及小孩误咽未成熟梅和杏等含有氰甙的种子而中毒以致死亡。又如:用受过霜害的甘薯茎叶和鲜嫩的高粱稈叶作饲料而引起家畜中毒等事例也是不少
First, the relationship between cyanide-containing plants and humans As we all know, cyanide potassium (KCN), sodium (NaCN) and cyanuric acid (HCN) and cyanogenic glycosides are all highly toxic substances. Cyanide substances on livestock and other animals is very toxic, Table 1 is the result of cyanide on animal lethal dose. Cyanide substances on human toxicity is also great, such as 0.05-0.06 grams of cyanuric acid can be poisoned. Because of the toxicity of cyanide-containing plants and their widespread distribution in nature, accidents involving poisoning or even killing of cyanide-containing plants are not uncommon. For example: the intake of untreated Cystinus poisoning and children mistakenly swallow immature plum and apricot and other cyanogenic glycosides containing seeds poisoning and death. Another example: frost damage with sweet potato stems and leaves and fresh sorghum stalk leaves for livestock feed poisoning caused a lot of cases