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目的找出个人剂量异常调查核实工作中存在的问题,改进个人剂量监测工作。方法根据2003-2014年我国部分地区个人剂量异常调查核实的论文报道,比较各地区个人剂量异常人员即调查对象的确定原则、调查方式、个人剂量异常人次占总监测人次的百分比、实际受照人次占个人剂量总异常人次的百分比等。结果通过对比发现,各地区个人剂量监测周期、剂量异常人员的确定标准、对剂量异常人员所采取的调查方式、对各工种尤其是医学应用中的照射种类进行统计分析时的职业分类和职业照射种类的划分标准均存在不一致的现象,各地区个人剂量异常人次占总人次百分比在0.2%~1.6%之间,实际受照人次占个人剂量总异常人次的百分比范围在3.0%~57.1%之间,各地区差别较大。结论我国个人剂量异常人员的调查核实工作有许多亟待改进的地方。为规范个人剂量异常调查核实工作,保护放射工作人员健康,国家相关监管机构及放射卫生技术服务机构、放射工作单位及人员应做出共同的努力。
Objective To find out the problems existing in the investigation and verification of abnormal personal dose and to improve the personal dose monitoring. Methods According to the papers reported in the survey of personal dose anomalies in some areas in China from 2003 to 2014, the principle of determining the number of anomalous individuals in different regions, the survey methods, the percentage of individuals with abnormal doses in the total number of monitored persons, the actual number of people exposed Accounting for the percentage of the total number of individuals with abnormal doses. Results By comparison, it was found that the personal dose monitoring cycle, the criteria for determining the number of abnormal doses, the methods of investigating the abnormal dosage, the classification of occupations and the occupational exposure during the statistical analysis of the types of irradiation in various types of work, especially in medical applications There were inconsistencies in the classification criteria for different types of individuals. The percentage of individuals with abnormal doses in various regions was between 0.2% and 1.6%, and the percentage of the total number of people exposed to the total dose of personal doses was between 3.0% and 57.1% The difference between regions is large. Conclusion There are many problems that need to be improved urgently in our country. In order to standardize the investigation and verification of personal dose abnormalities and to protect the health of radiation workers, joint efforts should be made by relevant state regulatory agencies, radiation technical service agencies, radiation working units and personnel.